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In this article, we use a SPICE model for 90 nm CMOS to plot key electrical relationships of an NMOS transistor. In a previous article, I explained how to obtain an advanced SPICE model for integrated-circuit MOSFETs and incorporate it into an LTspice simulation. We then used this model to investigate an NMOS transistor’s threshold voltage. […]

This tutorial will focus on designing a finite impulse response (FIR) filter. As the series progresses, it will discuss the necessary steps to implement the filter on real hardware. A FIR filter is a digital filter whose impulse response settles to zero in finite time as opposed to an infinite impulse response filter (IIR), which uses feedback and